mirror of
https://github.com/PhotonVision/photonvision
synced 2026-06-19 00:41:41 +00:00
--------- Co-authored-by: Banks Troutman <btrout.dhrs@gmail.com> Co-authored-by: Joseph Farkas <16584585+MrRedness@users.noreply.github.com>
519 lines
22 KiB
Java
519 lines
22 KiB
Java
/*
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* MIT License
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*
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* Copyright (c) 2022 PhotonVision
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*
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* Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
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* of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
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* in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
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* to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
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* copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
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* furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
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*
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* The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
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* copies or substantial portions of the Software.
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*
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* THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
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* IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
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* FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
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* AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
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* LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
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* OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
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* SOFTWARE.
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*/
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package org.photonvision.estimation;
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import edu.wpi.first.math.Matrix;
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import edu.wpi.first.math.Nat;
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import edu.wpi.first.math.Num;
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import edu.wpi.first.math.Vector;
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import edu.wpi.first.math.geometry.CoordinateSystem;
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import edu.wpi.first.math.geometry.Pose3d;
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import edu.wpi.first.math.geometry.Rotation3d;
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import edu.wpi.first.math.geometry.Transform3d;
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import edu.wpi.first.math.geometry.Translation3d;
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import edu.wpi.first.math.numbers.*;
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import edu.wpi.first.util.RuntimeLoader;
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import java.util.ArrayList;
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import java.util.Arrays;
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import java.util.List;
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import org.ejml.simple.SimpleMatrix;
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import org.opencv.calib3d.Calib3d;
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import org.opencv.core.Core;
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import org.opencv.core.CvType;
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import org.opencv.core.Mat;
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import org.opencv.core.MatOfDouble;
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import org.opencv.core.MatOfInt;
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import org.opencv.core.MatOfPoint;
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import org.opencv.core.MatOfPoint2f;
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import org.opencv.core.MatOfPoint3f;
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import org.opencv.core.Point;
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import org.opencv.core.Point3;
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import org.opencv.core.Rect;
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import org.opencv.core.RotatedRect;
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import org.opencv.imgproc.Imgproc;
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import org.photonvision.targeting.TargetCorner;
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public final class OpenCVHelp {
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static {
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try {
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var loader =
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new RuntimeLoader<>(
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Core.NATIVE_LIBRARY_NAME, RuntimeLoader.getDefaultExtractionRoot(), Core.class);
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loader.loadLibrary();
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} catch (Exception e) {
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throw new RuntimeException("Failed to load native libraries!", e);
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}
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}
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public static MatOfDouble matrixToMat(SimpleMatrix matrix) {
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var mat = new Mat(matrix.numRows(), matrix.numCols(), CvType.CV_64F);
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mat.put(0, 0, matrix.getDDRM().getData());
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var wrappedMat = new MatOfDouble();
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mat.convertTo(wrappedMat, CvType.CV_64F);
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mat.release();
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return wrappedMat;
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}
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public static Matrix<Num, Num> matToMatrix(Mat mat) {
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double[] data = new double[(int) mat.total() * mat.channels()];
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var doubleMat = new Mat(mat.rows(), mat.cols(), CvType.CV_64F);
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mat.convertTo(doubleMat, CvType.CV_64F);
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doubleMat.get(0, 0, data);
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return new Matrix<>(new SimpleMatrix(mat.rows(), mat.cols(), true, data));
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}
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/**
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* Creates a new {@link MatOfPoint3f} with these 3d translations. The opencv tvec is a vector with
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* three elements representing {x, y, z} in the EDN coordinate system.
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*
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* @param translations The translations to convert into a MatOfPoint3f
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*/
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public static MatOfPoint3f translationToTvec(Translation3d... translations) {
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Point3[] points = new Point3[translations.length];
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for (int i = 0; i < translations.length; i++) {
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var trl =
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CoordinateSystem.convert(translations[i], CoordinateSystem.NWU(), CoordinateSystem.EDN());
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points[i] = new Point3(trl.getX(), trl.getY(), trl.getZ());
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}
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return new MatOfPoint3f(points);
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}
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/**
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* Returns a new 3d translation from this {@link Mat}. The opencv tvec is a vector with three
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* elements representing {x, y, z} in the EDN coordinate system.
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*
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* @param tvecInput The tvec to create a Translation3d from
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*/
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public static Translation3d tvecToTranslation(Mat tvecInput) {
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float[] data = new float[3];
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var wrapped = new Mat(tvecInput.rows(), tvecInput.cols(), CvType.CV_32F);
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tvecInput.convertTo(wrapped, CvType.CV_32F);
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wrapped.get(0, 0, data);
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wrapped.release();
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return CoordinateSystem.convert(
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new Translation3d(data[0], data[1], data[2]),
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CoordinateSystem.EDN(),
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CoordinateSystem.NWU());
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}
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/**
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* Creates a new {@link MatOfPoint3f} with this 3d rotation. The opencv rvec Mat is a vector with
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* three elements representing the axis scaled by the angle in the EDN coordinate system. (angle =
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* norm, and axis = rvec / norm)
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*
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* @param rotation The rotation to convert into a MatOfPoint3f
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*/
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public static MatOfPoint3f rotationToRvec(Rotation3d rotation) {
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rotation = rotationNWUtoEDN(rotation);
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return new MatOfPoint3f(new Point3(rotation.getQuaternion().toRotationVector().getData()));
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}
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/**
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* Returns a 3d rotation from this {@link Mat}. The opencv rvec Mat is a vector with three
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* elements representing the axis scaled by the angle in the EDN coordinate system. (angle = norm,
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* and axis = rvec / norm)
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*
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* @param rvecInput The rvec to create a Rotation3d from
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*/
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public static Rotation3d rvecToRotation(Mat rvecInput) {
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float[] data = new float[3];
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var wrapped = new Mat(rvecInput.rows(), rvecInput.cols(), CvType.CV_32F);
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rvecInput.convertTo(wrapped, CvType.CV_32F);
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wrapped.get(0, 0, data);
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wrapped.release();
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Vector<N3> axis = new Vector<>(Nat.N3());
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axis.set(0, 0, data[0]);
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axis.set(1, 0, data[1]);
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axis.set(2, 0, data[2]);
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return rotationEDNtoNWU(new Rotation3d(axis.div(axis.norm()), axis.norm()));
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}
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public static TargetCorner averageCorner(List<TargetCorner> corners) {
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if (corners == null || corners.size() == 0) return null;
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var pointMat = targetCornersToMat(corners);
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Core.reduce(pointMat, pointMat, 0, Core.REDUCE_AVG);
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var avgPt = matToTargetCorners(pointMat)[0];
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pointMat.release();
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return avgPt;
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}
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public static MatOfPoint2f targetCornersToMat(List<TargetCorner> corners) {
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return targetCornersToMat(corners.toArray(TargetCorner[]::new));
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}
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public static MatOfPoint2f targetCornersToMat(TargetCorner... corners) {
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var points = new Point[corners.length];
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for (int i = 0; i < corners.length; i++) {
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points[i] = new Point(corners[i].x, corners[i].y);
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}
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return new MatOfPoint2f(points);
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}
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public static TargetCorner[] pointsToTargetCorners(Point... points) {
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var corners = new TargetCorner[points.length];
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for (int i = 0; i < points.length; i++) {
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corners[i] = new TargetCorner(points[i].x, points[i].y);
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}
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return corners;
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}
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public static TargetCorner[] matToTargetCorners(MatOfPoint2f matInput) {
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var corners = new TargetCorner[(int) matInput.total()];
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float[] data = new float[(int) matInput.total() * matInput.channels()];
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matInput.get(0, 0, data);
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for (int i = 0; i < corners.length; i++) {
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corners[i] = new TargetCorner(data[0 + 2 * i], data[1 + 2 * i]);
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}
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return corners;
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}
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/**
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* Reorders the list, optionally indexing backwards and wrapping around to the last element after
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* the first, and shifting all indices in the direction of indexing.
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*
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* <p>e.g.
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*
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* <p>({1,2,3}, false, 1) == {2,3,1}
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*
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* <p>({1,2,3}, true, 0) == {1,3,2}
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*
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* <p>({1,2,3}, true, 1) == {3,2,1}
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*
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* @param <T> Element type
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* @param elements
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* @param backwards If indexing should happen in reverse (0, size-1, size-2, ...)
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* @param shiftStart How much the inital index should be shifted (instead of starting at index 0,
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* start at shiftStart, negated if backwards)
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* @return Reordered list
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*/
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public static <T> List<T> reorderCircular(List<T> elements, boolean backwards, int shiftStart) {
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int size = elements.size();
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int dir = backwards ? -1 : 1;
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var reordered = new ArrayList<>(elements);
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for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
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int index = (i * dir + shiftStart * dir) % size;
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if (index < 0) index = size + index;
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reordered.set(i, elements.get(index));
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}
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return reordered;
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}
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/**
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* Convert a rotation from EDN to NWU. For example, if you have a rotation X,Y,Z {1, 0, 0} in EDN,
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* this would be XYZ {0, -1, 0} in NWU.
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*/
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private static Rotation3d rotationEDNtoNWU(Rotation3d rot) {
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return CoordinateSystem.convert(
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new Rotation3d(), CoordinateSystem.NWU(), CoordinateSystem.EDN())
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.plus(CoordinateSystem.convert(rot, CoordinateSystem.EDN(), CoordinateSystem.NWU()));
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}
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/**
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* Convert a rotation from EDN to NWU. For example, if you have a rotation X,Y,Z {1, 0, 0} in EDN,
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* this would be XYZ {0, -1, 0} in NWU.
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*/
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private static Rotation3d rotationNWUtoEDN(Rotation3d rot) {
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return CoordinateSystem.convert(
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new Rotation3d(), CoordinateSystem.EDN(), CoordinateSystem.NWU())
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.plus(CoordinateSystem.convert(rot, CoordinateSystem.NWU(), CoordinateSystem.EDN()));
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}
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/**
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* Project object points from the 3d world into the 2d camera image. The camera
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* properties(intrinsics, distortion) determine the results of this projection.
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*
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* @param cameraMatrix the camera intrinsics matrix in standard opencv form
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* @param distCoeffs the camera distortion matrix in standard opencv form
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* @param camPose The current camera pose in the 3d world
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* @param objectTranslations The 3d points to be projected
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* @return The 2d points in pixels which correspond to the image of the 3d points on the camera
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*/
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public static List<TargetCorner> projectPoints(
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Matrix<N3, N3> cameraMatrix,
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Matrix<N5, N1> distCoeffs,
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Pose3d camPose,
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List<Translation3d> objectTranslations) {
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// translate to opencv classes
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var objectPoints = translationToTvec(objectTranslations.toArray(new Translation3d[0]));
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// opencv rvec/tvec describe a change in basis from world to camera
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var basisChange = RotTrlTransform3d.makeRelativeTo(camPose);
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var rvec = rotationToRvec(basisChange.getRotation());
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var tvec = translationToTvec(basisChange.getTranslation());
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var cameraMatrixMat = matrixToMat(cameraMatrix.getStorage());
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var distCoeffsMat = matrixToMat(distCoeffs.getStorage());
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var imagePoints = new MatOfPoint2f();
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// project to 2d
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Calib3d.projectPoints(objectPoints, rvec, tvec, cameraMatrixMat, distCoeffsMat, imagePoints);
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// turn 2d point Mat into TargetCorners
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var corners = matToTargetCorners(imagePoints);
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// release our Mats from native memory
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objectPoints.release();
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rvec.release();
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tvec.release();
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cameraMatrixMat.release();
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distCoeffsMat.release();
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imagePoints.release();
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return Arrays.asList(corners);
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}
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/**
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* Undistort 2d image points using a given camera's intrinsics and distortion.
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*
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* <p>2d image points from projectPoints(CameraProperties, Pose3d, List) projectPoints} will
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* naturally be distorted, so this operation is important if the image points need to be directly
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* used (e.g. 2d yaw/pitch).
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*
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* @param cameraMatrix the camera intrinsics matrix in standard opencv form
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* @param distCoeffs the camera distortion matrix in standard opencv form
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* @param corners The distorted image points
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* @return The undistorted image points
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*/
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public static List<TargetCorner> undistortPoints(
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Matrix<N3, N3> cameraMatrix, Matrix<N5, N1> distCoeffs, List<TargetCorner> corners) {
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var points_in = targetCornersToMat(corners);
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var points_out = new MatOfPoint2f();
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var cameraMatrixMat = matrixToMat(cameraMatrix.getStorage());
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var distCoeffsMat = matrixToMat(distCoeffs.getStorage());
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Calib3d.undistortImagePoints(points_in, points_out, cameraMatrixMat, distCoeffsMat);
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var corners_out = matToTargetCorners(points_out);
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points_in.release();
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points_out.release();
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cameraMatrixMat.release();
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distCoeffsMat.release();
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return Arrays.asList(corners_out);
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}
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/**
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* Gets the (upright) rectangle which bounds this contour.
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*
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* <p>Note that rectangle size and position are stored with ints and do not have sub-pixel
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* accuracy.
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*
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* @param corners The corners/points to be bounded
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* @return Rectangle bounding the given corners
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*/
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public static Rect getBoundingRect(List<TargetCorner> corners) {
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var corn = targetCornersToMat(corners);
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var rect = Imgproc.boundingRect(corn);
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corn.release();
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return rect;
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}
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/**
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* Gets the rotated rectangle with minimum area which bounds this contour.
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*
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* <p>Note that rectangle size and position are stored with doubles and have sub-pixel accuracy.
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*
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* @param corners The corners/points to be bounded
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* @return Rotated rectangle bounding the given corners
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*/
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public static RotatedRect getMinAreaRect(List<TargetCorner> corners) {
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var corn = targetCornersToMat(corners);
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var rect = Imgproc.minAreaRect(corn);
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corn.release();
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return rect;
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}
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/**
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* Get the area in pixels of this target's contour. It's important to note that this may be
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* different from the area of the bounding rectangle around the contour.
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*
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* @param corners The corners defining this contour
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* @return Area in pixels (units of corner x/y)
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*/
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public static double getContourAreaPx(List<TargetCorner> corners) {
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var temp = targetCornersToMat(corners);
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var corn = new MatOfPoint(temp.toArray());
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temp.release();
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// outputHull gives us indices (of corn) that make a convex hull contour
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var outputHull = new MatOfInt();
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Imgproc.convexHull(corn, outputHull);
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int[] indices = outputHull.toArray();
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outputHull.release();
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var tempPoints = corn.toArray();
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var points = tempPoints.clone();
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for (int i = 0; i < indices.length; i++) {
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points[i] = tempPoints[indices[i]];
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}
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corn.fromArray(points);
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// calculate area of the (convex hull) contour
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double area = Imgproc.contourArea(corn);
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corn.release();
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return area;
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}
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/**
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* Finds the transformation(s) that map the camera's pose to the target pose. The camera's pose
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* relative to the target is determined by the supplied 3d points of the target's model and their
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* associated 2d points imaged by the camera.
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*
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* <p>For planar targets, there may be an alternate solution which is plausible given the 2d image
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* points. This has an associated "ambiguity" which describes the ratio of reprojection error
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* between the "best" and "alternate" solution.
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*
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* <p>This method is intended for use with individual AprilTags, and will not work unless 4 points
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* are provided.
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*
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* @param cameraMatrix the camera intrinsics matrix in standard opencv form
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* @param distCoeffs the camera distortion matrix in standard opencv form
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* @param modelTrls The translations of the object corners. These should have the object pose as
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* their origin. These must come in a specific, pose-relative order (in NWU):
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* <ul>
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* <li>Point 0: [0, -squareLength / 2, squareLength / 2]
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* <li>Point 1: [0, squareLength / 2, squareLength / 2]
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* <li>Point 2: [0, squareLength / 2, -squareLength / 2]
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* <li>Point 3: [0, -squareLength / 2, -squareLength / 2]
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* </ul>
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*
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* @param imageCorners The projection of these 3d object points into the 2d camera image. The
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* order should match the given object point translations.
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* @return The resulting transformation that maps the camera pose to the target pose and the
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* ambiguity if an alternate solution is available.
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*/
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public static PNPResults solvePNP_SQUARE(
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Matrix<N3, N3> cameraMatrix,
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Matrix<N5, N1> distCoeffs,
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List<Translation3d> modelTrls,
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List<TargetCorner> imageCorners) {
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// IPPE_SQUARE expects our corners in a specific order
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modelTrls = reorderCircular(modelTrls, true, -1);
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imageCorners = reorderCircular(imageCorners, true, -1);
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// translate to opencv classes
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var objectPoints = translationToTvec(modelTrls.toArray(new Translation3d[0]));
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var imagePoints = targetCornersToMat(imageCorners);
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var cameraMatrixMat = matrixToMat(cameraMatrix.getStorage());
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var distCoeffsMat = matrixToMat(distCoeffs.getStorage());
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var rvecs = new ArrayList<Mat>();
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var tvecs = new ArrayList<Mat>();
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var rvec = Mat.zeros(3, 1, CvType.CV_32F);
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var tvec = Mat.zeros(3, 1, CvType.CV_32F);
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var reprojectionError = new Mat();
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// calc rvecs/tvecs and associated reprojection error from image points
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Calib3d.solvePnPGeneric(
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objectPoints,
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imagePoints,
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cameraMatrixMat,
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distCoeffsMat,
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rvecs,
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tvecs,
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false,
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Calib3d.SOLVEPNP_IPPE_SQUARE,
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rvec,
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tvec,
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reprojectionError);
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float[] errors = new float[2];
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reprojectionError.get(0, 0, errors);
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// convert to wpilib coordinates
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var best = new Transform3d(tvecToTranslation(tvecs.get(0)), rvecToRotation(rvecs.get(0)));
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Transform3d alt = null;
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if (tvecs.size() > 1) {
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alt = new Transform3d(tvecToTranslation(tvecs.get(1)), rvecToRotation(rvecs.get(1)));
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// release our Mats from native memory
|
|
objectPoints.release();
|
|
imagePoints.release();
|
|
cameraMatrixMat.release();
|
|
distCoeffsMat.release();
|
|
for (var v : rvecs) v.release();
|
|
for (var v : tvecs) v.release();
|
|
rvec.release();
|
|
tvec.release();
|
|
reprojectionError.release();
|
|
|
|
if (alt != null) return new PNPResults(best, alt, errors[0] / errors[1], errors[0], errors[1]);
|
|
else return new PNPResults(best, errors[0]);
|
|
}
|
|
/**
|
|
* Finds the transformation that maps the camera's pose to the target pose. The camera's pose
|
|
* relative to the target is determined by the supplied 3d points of the target's model and their
|
|
* associated 2d points imaged by the camera.
|
|
*
|
|
* <p>This method is intended for use with multiple targets and has no alternate solutions. There
|
|
* must be at least 3 points.
|
|
*
|
|
* @param cameraMatrix the camera intrinsics matrix in standard opencv form
|
|
* @param distCoeffs the camera distortion matrix in standard opencv form
|
|
* @param objectTrls The translations of the object corners, relative to the field.
|
|
* @param imageCorners The projection of these 3d object points into the 2d camera image. The
|
|
* order should match the given object point translations.
|
|
* @return The resulting transformation that maps the camera pose to the target pose. If the 3d
|
|
* model points are supplied relative to the origin, this transformation brings the camera to
|
|
* the origin.
|
|
*/
|
|
public static PNPResults solvePNP_SQPNP(
|
|
Matrix<N3, N3> cameraMatrix,
|
|
Matrix<N5, N1> distCoeffs,
|
|
List<Translation3d> objectTrls,
|
|
List<TargetCorner> imageCorners) {
|
|
// translate to opencv classes
|
|
var objectPoints = translationToTvec(objectTrls.toArray(new Translation3d[0]));
|
|
var imagePoints = targetCornersToMat(imageCorners);
|
|
var cameraMatrixMat = matrixToMat(cameraMatrix.getStorage());
|
|
var distCoeffsMat = matrixToMat(distCoeffs.getStorage());
|
|
var rvecs = new ArrayList<Mat>();
|
|
var tvecs = new ArrayList<Mat>();
|
|
var rvec = Mat.zeros(3, 1, CvType.CV_32F);
|
|
var tvec = Mat.zeros(3, 1, CvType.CV_32F);
|
|
var reprojectionError = new Mat();
|
|
// calc rvec/tvec from image points
|
|
Calib3d.solvePnPGeneric(
|
|
objectPoints,
|
|
imagePoints,
|
|
cameraMatrixMat,
|
|
distCoeffsMat,
|
|
rvecs,
|
|
tvecs,
|
|
false,
|
|
Calib3d.SOLVEPNP_SQPNP,
|
|
rvec,
|
|
tvec,
|
|
reprojectionError);
|
|
|
|
float[] error = new float[1];
|
|
reprojectionError.get(0, 0, error);
|
|
// convert to wpilib coordinates
|
|
var best = new Transform3d(tvecToTranslation(tvecs.get(0)), rvecToRotation(rvecs.get(0)));
|
|
|
|
// release our Mats from native memory
|
|
objectPoints.release();
|
|
imagePoints.release();
|
|
cameraMatrixMat.release();
|
|
distCoeffsMat.release();
|
|
for (var v : rvecs) v.release();
|
|
for (var v : tvecs) v.release();
|
|
rvec.release();
|
|
tvec.release();
|
|
reprojectionError.release();
|
|
|
|
return new PNPResults(best, error[0]);
|
|
}
|
|
}
|