[wpiutil] Use C++23 stacktrace library on Windows (#6839)

This lets us remove the unmaintained StackWalker library and its hacky
upstream_utils script.

@Gold856 reported that StackWalker gives blank stacktraces:
https://discord.com/channels/176186766946992128/368993897495527424/1261940029287301150.
They also reported an earlier version of this PR giving the following
stacktrace instead:
```
D:\allwpilib\developerRobot\src\main\native\cpp\Robot.cpp(18): developerRobotCpp!Robot::RobotInit+0xB6
D:\allwpilib\wpilibc\src\main\native\cpp\TimedRobot.cpp(22): wpilibcd!frc::TimedRobot::StartCompetition+0x4F
D:\allwpilib\wpilibc\src\main\native\include\frc\RobotBase.h(36): developerRobotCpp!frc::impl::RunRobot<Robot>+0xC8
D:\allwpilib\wpilibc\src\main\native\include\frc\RobotBase.h(106): developerRobotCpp!frc::StartRobot<Robot>+0x17E
D:\allwpilib\developerRobot\src\main\native\cpp\Robot.cpp(60): developerRobotCpp!main+0xB
D:\a\_work\1\s\src\vctools\crt\vcstartup\src\startup\exe_common.inl(79): developerRobotCpp!invoke_main+0x39
D:\a\_work\1\s\src\vctools\crt\vcstartup\src\startup\exe_common.inl(288): developerRobotCpp!__scrt_common_main_seh+0x132
D:\a\_work\1\s\src\vctools\crt\vcstartup\src\startup\exe_common.inl(331): developerRobotCpp!__scrt_common_main+0xE
D:\a\_work\1\s\src\vctools\crt\vcstartup\src\startup\exe_main.cpp(17): developerRobotCpp!mainCRTStartup+0xE
KERNEL32!BaseThreadInitThunk+0x1D
ntdll!RtlUserThreadStart+0x28
```

shared/bazel/rules/objectivec_rules.bzl

@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ def wpilib_objc_library(
     """
     copts = copts or []
     if is_cpp:
-        copts.append("-std=c++20")
+        copts.append("-std=c++23")
     if include_arc:
         copts += ["-fobjc-weak", "-fobjc-arc"]