[build] Windows CMake/vcpkg fixes (#5807)

- Add builtin registry baseline (fixes building locally with msvc builtin vcpkg)
- Add protobuf as an explicit dependency (previously was installed as a dependency of opencv)
- In windows CI, checkout repository before running vcpkg (silences warning that vcpkg.json was not found)

.github/workflows/cmake.yml

@@ -76,12 +76,6 @@ jobs:
       - name: Install CMake
         uses: lukka/get-cmake@v3.27.6
 
-      - name: Run vcpkg
-        uses: lukka/run-vcpkg@v11.1
-        with:
-          vcpkgDirectory: ${{ runner.workspace }}/vcpkg
-          vcpkgGitCommitId: 78b61582c9e093fda56a01ebb654be15a0033897 # HEAD on 2023-08-6
-
       - name: Run sccache-cache
         uses: mozilla-actions/sccache-action@v0.0.3
 
@@ -90,6 +84,12 @@ jobs:
 
       - uses: actions/checkout@v3
 
+      - name: Run vcpkg
+        uses: lukka/run-vcpkg@v11.1
+        with:
+          vcpkgDirectory: ${{ runner.workspace }}/vcpkg
+          vcpkgGitCommitId: 78b61582c9e093fda56a01ebb654be15a0033897 # HEAD on 2023-08-6
+
       - name: configure
         run: cmake -S . -B build -G "Ninja" -DCMAKE_C_COMPILER_LAUNCHER=sccache -DCMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_LAUNCHER=sccache -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release -DWITH_JAVA=OFF -DWITH_EXAMPLES=ON -DUSE_SYSTEM_FMTLIB=ON -DUSE_SYSTEM_LIBUV=ON -DUSE_SYSTEM_EIGEN=ON -DCMAKE_TOOLCHAIN_FILE=${{ runner.workspace }}/vcpkg/scripts/buildsystems/vcpkg.cmake -DVCPKG_INSTALL_OPTIONS=--clean-after-build -DVCPKG_TARGET_TRIPLET=x64-windows-release -DVCPKG_HOST_TRIPLET=x64-windows-release
         env:

vcpkg.json

@@ -5,6 +5,8 @@
     "opencv",
     "eigen3",
     "fmt",
-    "libuv"
-  ]
+    "libuv",
+    "protobuf"
+  ],
+  "builtin-baseline": "78b61582c9e093fda56a01ebb654be15a0033897"
 }